Birthing from Inside e-book unveils a transformative method to childbirth, empowering expectant mother and father with information and instruments for a constructive and empowering expertise. It delves into the bodily, emotional, and psychological dimensions of the birthing course of, offering a complete useful resource for these in search of a deeper understanding of themselves and their journeys. This e-book is not simply concerning the mechanics of labor, however about cultivating a supportive atmosphere for the birthing individual, fostering emotional well-being, and navigating the varied influences that form the expertise.
This e-book guides readers by the multifaceted elements of childbirth, providing sensible methods for managing ache, fostering a supportive atmosphere, and understanding the essential position of each the birthing individual and their assist system. It is a journey into the world of birthing, a voyage of self-discovery, and an exploration of the highly effective human expertise of bringing a life into the world.
It gives a nuanced perspective on your entire course of, from the preliminary levels of being pregnant to the joyous end result of childbirth.
Overview of “Birthing from Inside” E-book
“Birthing from Inside” gives a complete and empowering perspective on childbirth, transferring past the often-medicalized view to embrace the pure and emotional elements of the expertise. It is a highly effective information for expectant mother and father, equipping them with information and methods to navigate being pregnant and labor with confidence and management.The e-book presents a holistic method to childbirth, emphasizing the interconnectedness of bodily, emotional, and psychological well-being.
It isn’t simply concerning the mechanics of labor, however about understanding the underlying causes of concern and nervousness surrounding childbirth and easy methods to successfully tackle them. It encourages a shift from a passive recipient of medical care to an lively participant in their very own birthing journey.
Core Ideas of the E-book
The e-book’s central tenets revolve round getting ready for and experiencing childbirth as a pure course of. It emphasizes the significance of understanding the physique’s innate mechanisms, recognizing the position of concern and nervousness within the birthing expertise, and selling a supportive atmosphere. Crucially, it encourages self-reliance and lively participation within the birthing course of, empowering people to make knowledgeable choices.
The E-book’s Method to Childbirth
The e-book’s method is deeply rooted in a holistic perspective. It stresses the significance of understanding the girl’s distinctive wants and preferences, advocating for a supportive atmosphere that respects particular person variations. It strikes past the medical mannequin to embody the psychological, emotional, and bodily dimensions of childbirth. The e-book champions the ability of data and preparation to cut back nervousness and construct confidence within the birthing course of.
It fosters an environment of empowerment and selection.
Creator’s Perspective on Birthing Experiences
The writer’s perspective is one in every of deep respect for the pure strategy of childbirth. She highlights the transformative energy of start, emphasizing the significance of honoring the physique’s innate knowledge and the essential position of assist programs in fostering a constructive expertise. The writer emphasizes the significance of self-care, emotional consciousness, and the ability of knowledgeable decision-making all through the being pregnant and labor course of.
The writer’s perspective is a robust advocate for the empowerment of ladies throughout this essential time.
Historic Context and Affect
Printed within the context of a predominantly medicalized view of childbirth, “Birthing from Inside” emerged as a robust voice for a extra holistic and empowering method. The e-book challenged conventional medical fashions and supplied an alternate narrative for girls in search of a extra pure and private birthing expertise. It had a major influence on the childbirth panorama, influencing a rising motion towards larger respect for the pure strategy of childbirth and empowering ladies to take management of their birthing experiences.
Key Themes and Explanations
| Theme | Clarification | Examples | Affect |
|---|---|---|---|
| Understanding the Physique’s Innate Mechanisms | The e-book emphasizes recognizing the physique’s pure potential to start. | Understanding the levels of labor, the position of hormones, and the physique’s pure responses. | Empowers ladies to belief their our bodies and handle labor successfully. |
| Position of Worry and Anxiousness | Addressing concern and nervousness as essential elements within the birthing expertise. | Methods to handle concern, equivalent to rest methods and psychological preparation. | Reduces nervousness, selling a extra constructive and assured birthing expertise. |
| Significance of Help Techniques | Recognizing the essential position of a supportive atmosphere throughout labor. | Having a doula, companion, or member of the family to supply emotional and bodily assist. | Creates a way of safety and confidence throughout the birthing course of. |
| Empowerment and Knowledgeable Selections | Encouraging ladies to take management of their birthing experiences. | Selecting a birthing technique, understanding ache administration choices, and making knowledgeable choices. | Builds confidence and a way of company within the birthing journey. |
Understanding the Birthing Course of
Embarking on the journey of childbirth includes a profound understanding of the bodily, emotional, and psychological dimensions. This data empowers expectant mother and father to navigate this transformative expertise with confidence and resilience. “Birthing from Inside” emphasizes that understanding the intricacies of the birthing course of is essential to a constructive and empowering expertise.The physiological elements of labor and supply are complicated, encompassing a cascade of hormonal adjustments and muscular contractions.
The e-book highlights the pure rhythms of the physique, emphasizing the very important position of the mom’s thoughts and physique working in concord. It underscores the significance of belief within the physique’s innate knowledge.
Physiological Points of Labor and Supply
The e-book particulars the intricate hormonal and muscular processes of labor, emphasizing the physique’s outstanding potential to facilitate childbirth. It explores the varied levels of labor, from early labor to transition and supply. The e-book underscores the significance of recognizing and respecting the physique’s pure rhythm throughout every stage. Understanding the position of oxytocin, prostaglandins, and different hormones in facilitating uterine contractions is essential for a complete understanding of the birthing course of.
Psychological and Emotional Points of Childbirth
Childbirth is not only a bodily occasion; it is a profound emotional and psychological expertise. “Birthing from Inside” explores the myriad feelings that accompany this journey, together with concern, nervousness, pleasure, and empowerment. The e-book emphasizes the significance of acknowledging and managing these feelings successfully. It additionally addresses the influence of previous experiences and societal pressures on the birthing expertise.
A supportive atmosphere can tremendously affect the psychological well-being of the mom throughout this transformative time.
Significance of Preparation and Schooling
Thorough preparation and schooling are very important for a constructive birthing expertise. The e-book emphasizes the significance of understanding the birthing course of and creating coping mechanisms for ache and stress. It highlights the importance of buying information about completely different birthing choices, from pure childbirth to medical interventions. This data empowers mother and father to make knowledgeable choices and really feel assured of their selections.
Studying methods for rest, respiratory, and ache administration are additionally key parts of efficient preparation.
Position of Help Techniques Throughout Childbirth
A powerful assist system performs a essential position within the birthing course of. The e-book underscores the significance of getting a community of trusted people who can present emotional assist, sensible help, and encouragement. This assist system can embrace companions, relations, doulas, or different birthing companions. The e-book highlights how a supportive atmosphere reduces stress and nervousness, enabling the mom to give attention to the duty at hand.
This assist can vary from bodily consolation to emotional encouragement and advocacy.
Contrasting Birthing Approaches
| Method | Philosophy | Focus | Potential Advantages |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pure Childbirth | Empowering the physique’s pure processes | Ache administration methods, minimizing medical interventions | Elevated sense of empowerment, decreased medical issues |
| House Start | Birthing in a well-recognized and cozy atmosphere | Robust assist community, minimizing exterior interference | Elevated sense of management, potential for a extra customized expertise |
| Hospital Start | Entry to medical professionals and services | Medical assist and intervention when essential | Potential for instant medical consideration, security and safety |
| Water Start | Utilizing water immersion to facilitate rest and ache aid | Consolation and buoyancy, decreasing strain on joints | Diminished ache notion, elevated rest and luxury |
Emotional and Psychological Effectively-being Throughout Being pregnant and Childbirth
Navigating the emotional panorama of being pregnant and childbirth is a deeply private journey. This important side of the birthing course of, typically ignored, is explored intimately inside “Birthing from Inside.” It isn’t nearly bodily adjustments; it is about understanding the shifting tides of feelings and creating coping mechanisms for a easy, empowering expertise.The e-book emphasizes the significance of acknowledging and accepting the total spectrum of feelings that come up throughout this transformative time.
From the preliminary pleasure and anticipation to the anxieties and fears which will floor, the journey is a testomony to the human spirit’s resilience. It is about embracing the journey, not simply the vacation spot.
Emotional Levels of Childbirth
Understanding the emotional phases skilled by moms throughout labor is essential for navigating this intensely private expertise. The e-book Artikels a variety of emotional responses, not as a inflexible framework, however as a spectrum of potentialities.
- Anticipation and Pleasure: The preliminary pleasure and anticipation of welcoming a brand new life into the world typically intertwines with a way of marvel and pleasure. It is a time of goals and plans for the longer term, which might generally embrace a mix of pleasure and trepidation.
- Worry and Anxiousness: As labor progresses, emotions of hysteria and concern might emerge, notably if there are previous experiences, perceived challenges, or uncertainties concerning the birthing course of. Acknowledging these feelings and creating coping methods is important for sustaining a constructive mindset.
- Focus and Dedication: Within the midst of labor, a robust sense of focus and dedication can emerge. That is typically fueled by the need to assist the kid’s journey into the world, and to really feel the ability of their very own energy.
- Connection and Intimacy: Throughout labor, the connection between the mom and the kid deepens, typically accompanied by a profound sense of intimacy and love. This bond is a robust supply of energy and luxury.
- Postpartum Adjustment: The emotional journey continues after the start. Adjusting to motherhood, together with bodily restoration, can current distinctive challenges and feelings, starting from overwhelming pleasure to uncertainty. The e-book highlights methods for navigating these adjustments and supporting the brand new mom.
Managing Anxiousness and Worry
The e-book delves into sensible methods for managing nervousness and concern, recognizing that these feelings are a traditional a part of the birthing course of. It emphasizes proactive approaches, somewhat than solely reacting to emotions.
- Making a Supportive Atmosphere: Surrounding oneself with a community of supportive people, together with a companion, household, or mates, can considerably cut back nervousness. This contains creating an area that fosters a way of calm and belief.
- Mindfulness and Leisure Methods: Training mindfulness and rest methods, equivalent to deep respiratory workout routines and guided imagery, might help handle nervousness and promote a way of calm and management. These methods may be practiced earlier than, throughout, and after labor.
- Open Communication: Open communication with a companion, healthcare supplier, or assist system might help alleviate anxieties and issues. Discussing fears and expectations brazenly can present a way of safety and validation.
- Specializing in the Optimistic: Shifting focus from potential challenges to constructive affirmations and the enjoyment of welcoming a brand new life might help keep a constructive mindset. Visualizing a profitable birthing expertise is usually a highly effective software.
Self-Care and Mindfulness
The e-book highlights the significance of self-care and mindfulness as important parts within the birthing course of. It means that prioritizing self-care all through being pregnant and labor contributes to a more healthy and extra constructive expertise.
- Nourishment and Relaxation: Sustaining a nutritious diet and ample relaxation is essential for bodily and emotional well-being. This contains prioritizing sleep, wholesome meals, and hydration.
- Reference to Physique: Cultivating a deep reference to one’s physique and recognizing its indicators is important for navigating the birthing course of. This includes listening to the physique’s cues and trusting its inherent knowledge.
- Emotional Help: Searching for emotional assist from trusted people, whether or not by counseling, assist teams, or just speaking to a good friend, can considerably enhance well-being.
Accomplice Help
The writer’s perspective on companion assist emphasizes the essential position of a supportive companion within the birthing course of. The e-book emphasizes {that a} companion’s presence and lively participation can considerably cut back stress and improve the general birthing expertise.
- Lively Listening and Understanding: Companions ought to actively take heed to the mom’s wants and issues, offering encouragement and assist with out judgment.
- Emotional Validation: Companions ought to validate the mom’s feelings, acknowledging and supporting her emotions all through the journey.
- Bodily Help: Companions can present bodily assist, equivalent to therapeutic massage or positioning, to alleviate discomfort and promote rest.
Sensible Methods and Methods
Navigating the rollercoaster of labor requires a toolkit of sensible methods and methods. Past the emotional preparation, there is a highly effective arsenal of bodily instruments to handle the depth and improve the birthing expertise. This part delves into the sensible elements of labor administration, empowering birthing individuals with information and sources.Efficient labor administration includes a multifaceted method, encompassing rest methods, respiratory workout routines, communication, physique consciousness, and making a supportive atmosphere.
These methods, when utilized in tandem, can considerably reduce discomfort and foster a way of management throughout this transformative course of.
Leisure Methods
Leisure methods are elementary to managing labor ache. They assist to calm the nervous system, decreasing muscle pressure and selling a way of calm. Varied strategies, equivalent to progressive muscle rest, visualization, and deep respiratory, can be utilized successfully.
- Progressive muscle rest includes systematically tensing and releasing completely different muscle teams within the physique. This method helps to establish and launch pressure, selling a way of bodily and psychological ease.
- Visualization methods contain making a psychological picture of a peaceable and calming scene, specializing in sensations and emotions related to rest. This psychological imagery might help to distract from discomfort and induce a state of tranquility.
- Deep respiratory workout routines are important for managing ache and selling rest throughout labor. Sluggish, managed breaths might help to calm the nervous system, cut back nervousness, and improve oxygenation, which is important throughout labor.
Respiratory Workouts
Respiratory workout routines play a essential position in labor administration. Efficient respiratory methods might help to control ache notion, preserve vitality, and promote a way of management.
- The “sluggish, deep breaths” technique includes inhaling slowly and deeply by the nostril and exhaling slowly and fully by the mouth. This rhythmic sample helps to sluggish the center charge and calm the nervous system.
- The “patterned respiratory” method focuses on coordinating respiratory with contractions. This method might help to synchronize respiratory with the physique’s pure rhythm, decreasing ache and selling a way of management.
- The “modified respiratory” technique typically combines elements of sluggish deep breaths and patterned respiratory to fulfill the person’s particular wants. It permits for adaptation throughout completely different levels of labor.
Communication and Collaboration
Efficient communication between birthing individuals and their assist programs is essential for a constructive birthing expertise. Clear communication fosters belief, reduces nervousness, and ensures that wants are met. A supportive community can present encouragement, emotional assist, and sensible help.
- Open communication channels are important for conveying wants and preferences. This includes clear articulation of ache ranges, wishes for assist, and preferences concerning interventions.
- Lively listening is important for understanding and responding to the wants of the birthing individual. Help individuals ought to attentively pay attention and reply to the birthing individual’s wants in a manner that feels supportive and validating.
- Clear and constant communication minimizes confusion and promotes a way of collaboration and shared accountability within the birthing course of.
Physique Consciousness and Motion
Sustaining physique consciousness and motion throughout labor is essential. Shifting and altering positions can alleviate strain factors, improve circulation, and promote rest. Understanding how the physique responds to completely different positions is important.
- Altering positions can ease discomfort and promote rest throughout labor. Shifting from a lying-down place to sitting or standing, and even rocking gently, can considerably enhance consolation and ease.
- Using varied assist instruments like pillows, cushions, or birthing balls can assist the physique and supply consolation. This assist can improve mobility and suppleness.
- Acknowledging the physique’s pure tendencies to maneuver throughout labor can empower the birthing individual to make use of this motion to their benefit.
Making a Supportive Birthing Atmosphere
A supportive atmosphere can considerably influence the birthing expertise. Creating an area that promotes rest, consolation, and a way of safety can reduce nervousness and encourage a pure birthing course of.
- Sustaining a peaceful and quiet atmosphere might help to attenuate distractions and promote rest. Tender lighting, soothing music, and aromatherapy can additional contribute to a peaceable environment.
- Making certain ample hydration and vitamin is essential for vitality ranges and general well-being. This includes offering entry to fluids and nourishing meals.
- Making a welcoming atmosphere that accommodates preferences for consolation and privateness can improve the general expertise.
Comparability of Leisure Methods
| Method | Description | Focus | Instance |
|---|---|---|---|
| Progressive Muscle Leisure | Tensing and releasing muscle teams | Bodily rest | Tensing and releasing the hand muscle tissues, then transferring up the arm. |
| Visualization | Making a psychological picture | Psychological rest | Imagining a serene seashore scene. |
| Deep Respiratory | Sluggish, managed breaths | Bodily and psychological calmness | Inhaling deeply by the nostril and exhaling slowly by the mouth. |
Cultural and Societal Influences on Childbirth: Birthing From Inside E-book
Navigating the world of being pregnant and childbirth is a deeply private journey, however it’s additionally undeniably formed by the encircling cultural and societal panorama. This journey is not solely concerning the bodily expertise; it is interwoven with beliefs, expectations, and traditions handed down by generations. Understanding these influences is essential for making a supportive and empowering atmosphere for expectant mother and father.The e-book “Birthing from Inside” emphasizes that societal norms and cultural practices profoundly have an effect on how people understand and expertise childbirth.
It highlights the ability of difficult ingrained assumptions and embracing a extra holistic method to birthing, one which respects particular person wants and preferences. The e-book acknowledges the significance of fostering a supportive community and dismantling the often-stigmatized elements of childbirth.
Cultural Norms Influencing Birthing Experiences
Cultural norms differ broadly concerning the preparation for, and the precise expertise of, childbirth. Some cultures emphasize communal assist, whereas others prioritize the mom’s independence. This range is mirrored within the approaches to ache administration, the involvement of relations, and the general environment surrounding the birthing course of.
Societal Pressures and Expectations
Societal pressures surrounding childbirth may be intense, typically creating unrealistic expectations about how the expertise ought to unfold. The e-book argues that these expectations, regularly tied to notions of “perfect” motherhood, can result in nervousness and stress for each expectant mother and father. The e-book champions the significance of difficult these stereotypes and embracing the inherent individuality of every birthing expertise.
Affect of Medical Interventions
The e-book acknowledges the position of medical interventions in shaping the birthing course of, recognizing each the advantages and potential drawbacks. It encourages a essential examination of the rationale behind sure interventions, urging people to weigh the professionals and cons in relation to their private preferences and circumstances.
Societal Expectations Shaping Birthing Experiences
Societal expectations surrounding childbirth may be notably influential. These expectations typically heart on the notion of a “regular” birthing expertise, regularly ignoring the huge spectrum of potentialities and private preferences. The e-book encourages a shift in the direction of a extra individualized method, one which acknowledges the inherent variations in human expertise.
Cultural Variations in Birthing Practices, Birthing from inside e-book
This part examines how cultural variations manifest in varied elements of childbirth.
| Tradition | Ache Administration | Household Involvement | Position of Healthcare Professionals |
|---|---|---|---|
| Westernized Cultures | Typically depends on remedy and interventions. | Various levels of household presence. | Dominant position in decision-making. |
| Indigenous Cultures | Could incorporate conventional treatments and practices. | Intensive household and group assist. | Could combine conventional information with Western medication. |
| Jap Cultures | Could emphasize rest methods and pure strategies. | Typically contain prolonged household. | Could contain each Western and conventional healthcare practitioners. |
The Position of the Help System
A supportive community is essential throughout being pregnant and childbirth. It isn’t nearly having individuals round; it is about having individuals who perceive, empathize, and are there to assist navigate the bodily, emotional, and psychological complexities of this life-changing journey. This community is usually a lifeline, providing consolation, sensible help, and a way of safety.The assist system acts as a buffer towards stress, nervousness, and concern, permitting the birthing individual to give attention to the current second and belief within the course of.
It is a highly effective pressure for empowerment, reminding the birthing individual that they aren’t alone on this expertise.
The Significance of a Supportive Accomplice or Doula
A supportive companion or doula is invaluable. They supply steady emotional assist, bodily consolation, and sensible help. A doula’s specialised information of the birthing course of may be extraordinarily useful, providing steering and encouragement. They’re educated to assist the birthing individual really feel empowered and in management, selling a constructive and fewer annoying expertise. Companions can supply related assist, and their understanding and presence could make a world of distinction.
The Position of Household and Buddies
Household and mates play an important position within the assist community. Their love, understanding, and encouragement can considerably influence the birthing individual’s well-being. They will supply sensible help, equivalent to working errands, getting ready meals, or offering childcare. Their presence and unwavering assist can create a way of belonging and safety. Their encouragement can present a much-needed enhance of confidence and hope.
It is essential to keep in mind that each household dynamic is exclusive, so understanding one of the best ways to supply assist is dependent upon the particular relationships concerned.
Making a Supportive Atmosphere
Making a supportive atmosphere includes understanding the birthing individual’s wants and preferences. Open communication is essential. Actively listening to the birthing individual’s issues and wishes is important. Offering an area free from judgment or criticism is essential. It is essential to be versatile and adaptable, recognizing that wants and preferences might change because the birthing course of progresses.
Encouraging the birthing individual to specific their emotions and wishes with out concern of judgment or criticism is important.
Methods for Efficient Communication and Help
Efficient communication is paramount throughout childbirth. Lively listening, clear communication, and respecting the birthing individual’s choices are essential. Asking questions like, “How can I assist you proper now?” or “What do you want from me?” exhibits real care and concern. Respecting boundaries is equally essential; if the birthing individual wants area, give them that area. Encouraging the birthing individual to vocalize their emotions and wishes can also be essential.
Key Ideas for Supporting Somebody By way of Childbirth
- Be current and attentive to the birthing individual’s wants, each bodily and emotional. This contains providing encouragement, consolation, and assist.
- Actively take heed to their issues and wishes, and reply with empathy and understanding.
- Present sensible help when wanted, equivalent to working errands, getting ready meals, or managing family duties.
- Preserve a peaceful and supportive environment. This contains avoiding negativity or judgment.
- Respect the birthing individual’s choices and preferences, even when they differ from your personal.
- Keep in mind that every birthing expertise is exclusive, and there’s no one-size-fits-all method to assist.
Photos and Visible Illustration of the Content material
Bringing the ideas of “Birthing from Inside” to life requires a robust visible language. Photos shouldn’t simply illustrate, however embody the transformative energy of the birthing expertise, fostering a deep understanding and reference to the method. Visuals can spark empathy and empower expectant mother and father, making a protected and supportive atmosphere.
Birthing Room Design
A birthing room designed based mostly on “Birthing from Inside” ideas prioritizes consolation, personalization, and connection. Think about a room bathed in gentle, pure gentle, maybe filtered by sheer curtains. Heat, earthy tones dominate, with gentle textures like blankets and cushions scattered round. Private touches, like favourite images and significant objects, are included to create an area that displays the birthing individual’s distinctive id and preferences.
A big mirror, strategically positioned, permits the birthing individual to see themselves and their physique in a constructive gentle, fostering a way of empowerment and management. Important parts like comfy seating for assist individuals, aromatherapy diffusers, and an area for quiet reflection are built-in seamlessly.
Illustrations of Labor Levels
Visible representations of the labor levels are essential to demystify the method. Illustrations ought to clearly depict the bodily adjustments and emotional responses occurring throughout every stage. As an example, the early labor stage could possibly be illustrated with a lady gently swaying, her respiratory rhythmic and deep, surrounded by gentle lighting and soothing colours. Lively labor could be depicted with a extra dynamic picture, highlighting the girl’s centered focus and the supportive presence of family members.
Illustrations might use gentle, flowing strains to symbolize the birthing individual’s actions and the vitality flowing by her physique. Transition, with its intense contractions, could possibly be visually represented by robust strains and colours, emphasizing the highly effective energy of the birthing individual. The ultimate stage, the supply, might showcase the end result of effort, with a radiant glow surrounding the brand new mom and child.
Holistic Birthing Course of
Photos representing the birthing course of holistically ought to embody the emotional, psychological, bodily, and non secular elements. Visuals may embrace a lady linked to nature, surrounded by vegetation and pure parts, symbolizing the deep connection between the birthing individual and the world round her. Illustrations might depict the birthing individual in varied poses, emphasizing the energy and resilience of her physique and spirit.
A visible illustration of the mind-body connection may present a lady meditating, respiratory deeply, and connecting along with her interior energy. The photographs ought to replicate the birthing individual’s emotional journey, together with moments of concern, pleasure, ache, and empowerment.
Emotional Journey of the Birthing Particular person
Visible representations of the emotional journey ought to seize the nuances of the birthing expertise. A collection of photos may start with a hesitant, barely apprehensive girl, then progress by levels of dedication, centered focus, and eventually, a radiant smile as she holds her new child. The feelings needs to be conveyed subtly by facial expressions, physique language, and the encircling atmosphere.
For instance, an image of a lady holding her companion’s hand, tears welling in her eyes, may depict vulnerability and belief. One other may depict a lady with a decided expression, her eyes fastened on a distant level, illustrating the energy and focus she should muster. Photos might use coloration palettes that shift and evolve, reflecting the fluctuating feelings all through the expertise.
Help System’s Position
Photos illustrating the assist system’s position ought to emphasize the very important connections between the birthing individual and their family members. Illustrations may present a supportive companion gently holding the birthing individual’s hand, a reassuring smile on their face. A bunch of household and mates surrounding the birthing individual, providing phrases of encouragement and bodily assist, could possibly be a robust picture.
The photographs ought to spotlight the significance of a robust community of affection and encouragement, emphasizing the presence of a supportive system as a elementary component of the birthing expertise. Visible representations might embrace photos of palms reaching out, providing consolation and assist.
